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Quiz Chapter 1: Organisation of Plant Tissues and Growth

10 questions · Form 5 Biology Bab 1: Organisation of Plant Tissues and Growth

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. Which cell component is absent in mature xylem vessel elements, enabling unimpeded water transport?

  1. Lignified cell wall
  2. Cytoplasm and organelles
  3. Cellular wall ring reinforcements
  4. Pores in cell walls
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Answer: B

Mature xylem vessel elements undergo programmed cell death, losing cytoplasm and end walls to create hollow continuous tubes.

2. What causes the epidermis of a woody stem to rupture during secondary growth?

  1. Inward accumulation of primary parenchyma tissue
  2. Rapid outward accumulation of secondary xylem and phloem expanding stem diameter
  3. Excessive water absorption by root hairs during spring
  4. Breakdown of suberin layers in cork cells
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Answer: B

The continuous inward formation of secondary xylem exerts outward pressure, stretching and eventually rupturing the primary dermal epidermis.

3. Why does autumnwood appear darker and denser than springwood in tree annual rings?

  1. Vessels are larger with thin cell walls due to abundant rainfall
  2. Xylem vessels formed are narrow with thick lignified walls due to drier conditions
  3. Phloem cells accumulate suberin during cold weather
  4. Vascular cambium stops cell division completely during autumn
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Answer: B

During autumn/summer with reduced water supply, cambium produces smaller xylem vessels with thicker walls, appearing as a dark ring.

4. In which zone of apical meristem growth does cell expansion occur due to water intake via osmosis?

  1. Zone of cell differentiation
  2. Zone of cell division
  3. Zone of cell elongation
  4. Zone of cork formation
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Answer: C

In the zone of cell elongation, cells absorb water into their vacuoles by osmosis, causing substantial cell expansion.

5. What structural feature characterizes sclerenchyma cells at functional maturity?

  1. Thickened secondary walls with lignin and dead at maturity
  2. Thin primary cell walls with prominent central vacuoles
  3. Perforated end plates containing cytoplasm
  4. Active cell division capability via mitosis
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Answer: A

Sclerenchyma cells possess secondary cell walls heavily lignified with lignin and lose their protoplasm at maturity, becoming non-living structural units.

6. What waterproof substance is deposited in cork cells during secondary growth to form bark?

  1. Lignin
  2. Pectin
  3. Suberin
  4. Cellulose
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Answer: C

Cork cells formed by the cork cambium accumulate suberin, a waxy waterproof compound that protects inner stem tissues.

7. A student measures the dry mass of an annual plant over its lifetime. What shape of growth curve is produced?

  1. Linear continuous curve
  2. Single Sigmoid (S-shaped) curve
  3. Stepwise growth curve
  4. Double Sigmoid curve
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Answer: B

Annual plants complete their life cycle within one year and exhibit a single sigmoid growth curve.

8. What is the primary function of sieve plates in phloem tissue?

  1. To prevent water loss through transpiration pull
  2. To allow continuous flow of sucrose and amino acids through sieve tubes
  3. To anchor companion cells securely to xylem vessels
  4. To synthesize ATP for active transport across root hairs
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Answer: B

Sieve plates are perforated end walls in sieve tube elements that allow organic nutrients to flow freely during translocation.

9. Where are apical meristems specifically located in a plant?

  1. In the vascular cambium between xylem and phloem
  2. At the outer cortex of mature stems
  3. At the tips of roots and shoots
  4. Underneath the cork layer of tree trunks
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Answer: C

Apical meristems are located at root tips and shoot apexes, facilitating primary growth (length extension).

10. Which statement correctly distinguishes primary growth from secondary growth?

  1. Primary growth increases plant girth, while secondary growth increases plant length.
  2. Primary growth occurs only in woody dicots, while secondary growth occurs in all plants.
  3. Primary growth arises from apical meristems, whereas secondary growth arises from lateral meristems.
  4. Primary growth forms cork and secondary phloem, whereas secondary growth forms epidermis.
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Answer: C

Primary growth originates from apical meristems (increasing length), while secondary growth originates from lateral meristems (increasing girth).

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